A Guide to Goole’s War Memorials – Part Two

In the Group’s previous blog an Index of Shrines and Memorials which were erected in the Town’s Churches and Religious buildings was detailed. In the second of this series an Index of Shrines erected throughout the town by public bodies, businesses and societies will be provided. In addition several revisions have also been made to previous blog post.

Street Shrines or Street ‘Rolls of Honour’

Street Shrines were possibly one of the most common forms of memorials created during the First World War, but also one of the of the least recorded types of shrine. The reasons for this is that although erected in large numbers (sometimes hundreds) in many major cities, including Hull and London, only a fraction survive to the modern day. For instance shrines are recorded in Doncaster but there is no surviving evidence for their erection. The idea originated in the East End of London during Easter 1916 at the suggestion of the Anglian Church and the idea was copied throughout the Country. The origins of the Goole Street Shrines dates to February 1917 when the Church of England’s Men’s Society decided to take up the idea. The Shrines were to be funded by public subscription and names were collected by posting letters to every house in Goole, and Old Goole. A major source of debate evolved around who should be included on the Rolls of Honour, and to some controversy it was decided that the Mercantile Marine should be excluded from the Lists and that only men serving in the Armed Forces be named. In March 1917 a total of 800 houses had made gifts and 1,400 names had been collected. A letter to the local board indicated the proposed shrines would measure 3ft 10” high and 2ft 6” wide, the top being about 7ft 6” from the street level and would project 5” from the face of the building. A single shrine was erected in February 1917 in Old Goole between George Street and Swinefleet Road. It was described as - ‘Dark stained wood with a crucifix set in the centre and glass doors gives easy access to the letters on which the names are inscribed.’ Between sixty and seventy men were listed on the Roll of Honour. In total twenty eight shrines would be erected throughout the town and were dedicated at three ceremonial events:

East Area – May 19th	Old Goole – May 22nd	West Area – May 26th
Axholme Street	George Street	Henry Street
Cross Edinburgh Street	Cooper Street	Parliament Street
Burlington Crescent (near Alexandra Street)	Morley Street	Montague Street
Stanley Street	Swinefleet Road  (erected February)	First Avenue
Carlisle Street	Percy Street	Pasture Road – Mr Westoby’s Shop
Aire Street	Cottingham Street	Pasture Road – Me Rushworth’s Shop
Boothferry Road	Beverley Road	West Street
	Kingston Street	100 Jackson Street
	Heber Street	36&38 Weatherill Street
	Duckle’s Buildings
	Humber Street
	St Mary’s Church  (Listing Deceased Old Goole Men)

Image by Pippa Stainton

The shrines were constructed by Mr Kelsey and the names were written by Mr P Mahalski. Articles in the Goole Times suggests that the Shrines were regularly updated and flowers were still being laid at the memorials in 1919. After the end of the War there is only the occasional reference to the Shrines until 1930 when the Goole Times reported that as the shrines had fallen into disappear and neglect and because the names had been inscribed onto the Town’s Cenotaph and Parish Church Memorial they should be removed, unless the action was opposed. No evidence has been found for objections and it is assumed that the shrines were removed en masse and destroyed in July 1930. To date there is only one know picture of the Street Shrines, located in Red Lion Street, Pasture Road. 

Mercantile Marine

As written above during the creation of the Goole Street Shrines it was controversially decided to exclude the men serving in the Mercantile Marine. After much debate it was declared that a separate memorial would be created. During 1917 whilst the names for the Street Shrines were collected the details of those serving in the Mercantile Marine were also collected, but it was not until June 1918 that the memorial would be erected. The erection of the memorial would lead to a near riot in the town as the original centre piece of the memorial contained a picture of the Jesus at the Sea of Galtree, which was made in Berlin, much to the anger of the town’s people (the storey is full is told in a previous blog article). The image was quickly removed and replaced by the flag of Mercantile Marine, painted directly onto the memorial.

A Goole Times article of the period described the memorial as a structure of simple design made of polished teak, surmounted by a cross. Its position is described as commanding the attention of all those who pass it. It consisted of three glass panels, which contained the names of nearly 800 serving men, in alphabetical order. In the centre was a list of 37 men who had made the ‘Supreme Sacrifice’ marked with the inscription “Faithfull unto death”. Above the rolls were panels with the announcement and extracts from Psalm CXIII in gold lettering - “Men of the Mercantile Marine from the Parish of Goole who served their country on the high seas during the Great War” and “They that go down in their ships and occupy their business in great waters, these men see the works of the Lord and His Wonders in the deep”. Originally at the top and centre of the panel was ‘a beautifully finished print depicting Jesus and His Disciples on the Sea of Galtree’, later to be replaced by the Red Ensign.  A flower bowl and permanent flower guard were provided close by. The location of the memorial is described as being just inside the Railway Station wall facing Boothferry Road. The lettering was executed by Mr Alfred Haigh, construction was undertaken by Messrs S.R. and T. Kelsey and the Goole Times printed the names.

Until recently it was thought that no images of the memorial has survived but recently an image of Boothferry Road showing the memorial has been found, by local history collector Gilbert Tawn.

Image found by Gilbert Tawn

War Memorial Committee

As the end of the War approached consideration was given to creating a memorial to commemorate the men of the town who had sacrificed their lives and served in the Armed Forces. The first meeting to discuss a war memorial was convened in December 1918, led by the Chair of the Goole Urban District Council. A War Memorial Committee was convened, with membership including Councillors, business men and representatives of the local church. Several ideas were considered ranging from a town war memorial, memorial for the victims of the Zeppelin raid, a public park, memorial hall and fund for ex-servicemen and families. In January 1919 thirteen options were considered for the town’s memorial and out of these three were selected – a town memorial, park or parks and a fund for soldiers’ and sailors’ dependants. A subsidiary scheme of a war memorial to the victims of the Zeppelin air raid was also agreed upon. The final scheme for the town war memorial was decided at a public meeting in May 1919, where it was favoured to create a public park and memorial, with the idea of a Fund abandoned due to a lack of interest. An ambitious target of £20,000 was set for the project, with the members of the committee delegated the responsibility of gaining public subscriptions. 

The history of the War Memorial Committee during 1919 and 1920 was chequered with poor attendance of meeting, differences of opinion in what form the memorial should take, accusations that the Committee and memorial were not representative of the town’s people, accusations that Committee members were 'figure heads' and not on the committee to work, the slow pace of fund raising and complaints about the longevity in the creation of the memorial. Eventually the committee disbanded in early 1920 although was later reconvened. The newly formed committee revived the idea of the war memorial with a less ambitious fund raising target, but with more focus, and the final result was the creation of a Zeppelin War Memorial and the Goole Cenotaph and Memorial Gardens. 

Goole Cenotaph

In June 1920 the newly formed war memorial sent a deputation to the Aire and Calder Navigation to discuss the donation of land for a War Memorial. The Aire and Calder Navigation Co. was agreeable to the deputation and by October a site in Boothferry Raid, opposite Bartholomew Hospital, has been decided upon. An option to purchase additional land, from the Aire and Calder Navigation Co. adjacent to the site was all agreed, for the creation of a Memorial Park. The Committee then set upon selecting the style of war memorial, considering four options, and agreeing upon a replica of the London Cenotaph, at a scale of 18 feet. In November the Committee had funds of £3100, with the overall cost of the scheme estimated at £4,350 – cost of land £1,350, memorial £1500 and laying out of the gardens £1500. Throughout 1921 the additional £1000 required for the memorial were raised, but again there was much complaint in the letters of the Goole Times about the slow pace of the war memorial, which ultimately led to the creation of the Parish Church Memorial (see previous blog). The unveiling of the Memorial would eventually take place in January 1922. The final memorial being a replica of the London Cenotaph, set in memorial gardens, and was erected by Mr H.O Tasker, of Goole. The memorial listing 452 men who had sacrificed their lives during the Great War. 

Zeppelin War Memorial

In addition to the creation of the Town War Memorial the War Memorial Commitee raised funds, by public subscription for a memorial to the victims of the Zeppelin Raid of 1915. The memorial is located over the mass grave of the victims, in Goole Cemetery, and was dedicated in February 1922 (see previous blogs). The design of the memorial is an inclined white marble book four feet long resting on two pots and stone based and surround by a curb, completed by Mr H.O. Tasker, of Goole. The memorial is dedicated “In memory of the citizens of Goole who lost their lives in a German Zeppelin raid on this undefended town on August 9th, 1915”, and lists the 16 victims of the air raid. 

The Victims of Goole Zeppelin Raid 9th August 1915
Surname	Forname(s)	Age	Surname	Forename(s)	Age
Acaster	Sarah	65	Pratt	Agnes	36
Acaster	Sarah Ann	34	Woodhall	Alice Elizabeth	3
Acaster	Kezia	32	Woodhall	Grace	31
Stainton	Violet	18	Carroll	Mary	32
Goodall	Hannah	74	Carroll	James	26
Harrison	Alice	6	Carroll	Alice	4
Harrison	Florence	4	Carroll	Gladys	3
Pratt	Margaret Seina	9 months	Smith	Alice	17

Schools

Goole Secondary (Grammar) School

In the Hall of what is now the Goole High School are two brass memorial tablet dedicated in the memory of the former pupils and teachers of the school who gave their lives during the First and Second World Wars. Throughout 1919 and 1920 there were several articles placed in the Goole Times reporting that the Old Pupils’ Association of the Goole Secondary School were considering the question of a War Memorial, and that funds were being raised for the memorial. The result of the effort of the Association was the donation of an organ with brass plaque with the dedication – ‘This Organ was presented by the Old Pupils’ Association to Honour the Memory of’ –

The Deceased Old Pupils and Teachers Of the Goole Secondary School
T W	Barnett	C	Johnson
R	Bradley	H	Markham
G A	Burkill	R A	Marshall
G W	Cannon	J E S	Pepper
H	Dougherty	C	Riley
N	Haigh	A	Smith
E C	Ingleby	H	Trickett
R	Jackson	H	Woodhouse

‘Who From this School Gave Their Lives in the European War 1914-1918’.  Although the Organ does not survive the brass plaque is still displayed in the old hall of the Goole High School. 

Societies

Goole Pleasant Sunday Afternoon Association.

Although not a memorial in its own right the Goole Pleasant Sunday Afternoon Association, based at the Sailors’ Welcome, issues Rolls of Honours to its members. Contained in a book awarded to an Association member is a copy of a Roll of Honour, which it is assumed, was issued to members with the inscription – ‘A RECORD OF FRIENDS AND RELATIVES WHO ANSWERED THE CALL OF KING AND COUNTRY IN THE GREAT WAR: 1914-1915

Hull District of the Free Gardeners Friendly Society Roll of Honour

In a Goole Times article dated 18^th January 1918 it was announced that a Roll of Honour had been created, listing 18 Lodge Members, of which 12 men belonged to the Aire and Calder (Goole Lodge).

Hull District of the Free Gardeners Friendly Society Roll of Honour
Lodge	Name
Aire and Calder – Goole	Brunyee, J W
Aire and Calder – Goole	Crewe, T
Aire and Calder – Goole	Duebury, K
Aire and Calder – Goole	Hayton, H
Aire and Calder – Goole	Howden, A
Aire and Calder – Goole	Jacques, R
Aire and Calder – Goole	Jynman, H
Aire and Calder – Goole	Ouseley, E
Aire and Calder – Goole	Robinson, G
Aire and Calder – Goole	Rushton, G E
Aire and Calder – Goole	Sharp, J
Aire and Calder – Goole	Tether, L
Beaumont Lodge – Carlton	Bedford, J H
Farmers’ Friend - Swinefleet	Sykes
Rose of Sharon – Snaith	Axup, J W
Rose of Sharon – Snaith	Grimes, J
Rose of Sharon – Snaith	Parratt, A
Rose of Sharon – Snaith	Vause, T

The current location of the Roll of Honour is unknown. 

Goole Businesses

Goole Shipbuilding and Repair Co Ltd.

The Goole Museum Contains three First World War Memorials, which are on public display. One of these is a Silver Roll of Honour for the men of the Goole Shipbuilding and Repairing Co Ltd. The Memorial bears the dedication – ‘Roll of Honour of Employees of the Goole Shipbuilding & Repairing Co Ltd Who served their Country during the Great War 1914-1918’. The Memorial lists 87 men who served during the War and a further twenty-one men who made the ‘Great Sacrifice’

Goole Shipbuilding and Repairing Co Ltd Roll of Honour
Forename	Initial	Regiment	Forename	Initial	Regiment
Axup	W	E Yorks	Houghton	S	R.E
Arton	C	R.G.A	Houghton	A	Lincs
Brignall	T	Lincs	Holt	J
Byrnes	M	K.O.Y.L.I	Hellary	T.W	Navy
Bland	J	R.E	Jepson	G
Brunyee	N	R.N.D	Jackson	A
Bolder	H	K.O.Y.L.I	Kendall	H	K.O.Y.L.I
Blackburn	E	K.O.Y.L.I	Kind	S	R.A.F
Burgoyne	H	W.R.R	Kirk	R	M.G.C
Blackburn	C		Lofthouse	J.T	R.E
Bagshaw	W		Lazenby	R	R.A.F
Bonser	H		Lydon	J	Leic. Reg
Brunyee	W	L.F	Maw	J	M.G.C
Connor	R	K.O.Y.L.I	Milner	G.D	M.G.C
Carr	F	R.A.F	Mell	J
Carter	W		Marritt	H
Cobb	J W	K.O.Y.L.I	Palmer	T.W	R.A.F
Colbridge	S.B.	K.O.Y.L.I	Palmer	S	Navy
Chappell	W	R.F.A	Raywood	S	K.O.Y.L.I
Drury	G	E. Yorks	Robinson	G	K.O.Y.L.I
Duff	J		Rockett	E	R.A.F
Duckett	G		Stanley	J	K.O.Y.L.I
Denby	W		Spink	G	A.O.G
Duffill	A	Tank Corps	Smith	W.H	K.O.Y.L.I
Duckett	C	Yorks&Lancs	Spink	W	E. Yorks
Darnborough	R		Scott	J	R.E
Duckles	J W		Smith	H	R.M.L.I
Fowler	J	R.E	Saynor	A	C.G
Fielder	T	Remounts	Tether	H	Navy
Franklin	W		Temperton	S
Ford	S	R.E	Theaker	R.W	I.W.T
Franklin	G	K.O.Y.L.I	Watson	J	K.O.Y.L.I
Goulden	G	K.O.Y.L.I	Walker	E	K.O.Y.L.I
Garner	J		Walker	F.G	K.O.Y.L.I
Graham	H		Whitehead	A	Sussex
Gatherer	G		Weatherall	S	S.R.B
Goodwin	G.H	R.E	Watson	F
Hailstone	G		Whitely	C
Houhton	C		Wroot	E.G	Liverpool
Hainess	C		Wroot	G.E
Hewitt	F	K.O.Y.L.I	Waterhouse	J	Tank Corps
Haslam	R		Yeoman	G	R.N.D
Hemmingway	J		Hewitt	T
Huntington	E	R.E

Goole Shipbuilding and Repairing Co Ltd Roll of Honour Of these the following made the supreme sacrifice.
Forename	Initial	Forename	Initial
Blackburn	C	Hemmingway	J
Bagshaw	W	Jepson	A
Carter	W	Jackson	A
Cobb	J W	Mell	J
Chappell	W	Marritt	H
Duff	J	Saynor	H
Franklin	A	Watson	R
Graham	H	Whiteley	C
Houghton	C	Wroot	G E
Hewitt	T	Milner	C M
Haslam	R

The Silver Hall Mark informs that the Roll of Honour was made by Walker and Hall Silver Smiths of Sheffield in 1919. The Company also ran a shop in Hull. 

Goole Steam Shipping Clerks

Memorial to the Deceased

In July 1920 in was announced in the Goole Times that there would be another Goole Roll of Honour by the Shipping Clerks of the Goole Steam Shipping (Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Co.), as a tribute to their fallen comrades.  The memorial tablet was originally located in the vestibule of the large hall of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (Goole Steam Shipping) Offices. The Tablet was unveiled at a ceremony attended by Mr Winterbottom, steamship manager, representatives of the Goole’s Churches, employees and relatives of the deceased. The memorial is dedicated “To the honour of our fellow clerks who gave their lives for King and country in the Great War 1914-1919” and lists six men, formerly in the employment of Goole Steam Shipping, who were killed during War:

The Deceased of the Goole Steam Shipping
Surname	Forename	Surname	Forename
Buttery Jnr	W	Johnson	R W
Hopkinson	A D	Johnston	H
Hall	R	Richardson	J H

The memorial takes the form of a brass tablet surmounted by the flag of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Goole Steam Shipping Company.

Memorial to Those Who Served

In Mr Winterbottom’s dedication there is a reference to a second memorial tablet for the men of the Goole Steam Shipping, this tablet, which was to be erected opposite to the above mentioned memorial, was to be dedicated to those who had served King and country and returned safely. The location of this memorial tablet is currently unknown.

Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Mercantile Marine

The final memorial in Goole Museum is dedicated to the Marine Engineering Staff of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway who were killed during the War. In November 1920 the Goole Times announced ‘yet another’ Goole War Memorial, which was unveiled in the presence of the Vicar of Goole (Rev. Bishop Iliff), relatives of the deceased and representatives of the Engineering staff. The memorial was located in the offices of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Engineering Department. The tablet is described as of ‘handsome design’ is ‘of bronze on an oak pediment’ and is surmounted by two flags in enamel – the Union Jack and the ensign of the L. & Y. Railway Company – and was made by ‘The Engraving Co Limited, Wolverhampton’. The memorial is dedicated “in honour of those members of the staff, who served in the Great War, and in remembrance of those named below who made the great sacrifice. In total 14 men are listed on the memorial, who served on three ‘Lanky’ vessels and two men who was killed on the Western Front:

The Deceased of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Co. Engineering Department
S.S. Hebble, Sunk by Enemy Action, May 6th 1917
F	Laycock	Chief Engineer
A	Jackson	Fireman
A	Howard	Fireman
S.S. Rye, Sunk by Enemy Action, April 18th 1918
W	Coombes	Fireman
T W	Pettinger	Fireman
S.S. Unity, Sunk by Enemy Action, May 2nd 1918
A	Thompson	Chief Engineer
H	Appleyard	Fireman
G	Bateman	Fireman
J	Jones	Fireman
C	Hansome	Fireman
E	Whitehead	Fireman
G	Wilson	Fireman
Killed in France
C	Okley	Lance Cpl R.E. (Third Engineer, S.S. Berlin)
E.G.	Smith	L.Cpl 20th Batt. N’TH’M’Land Fus. (Clerk)

Conclusion

The list of memorials given above is as accurate as the surviving records allow and as the research and interest in the legacy of the First World War grows will surely be expanded. The large number of memorials erected in the town gives an indication of the great sacrifice and loyalty to ‘King and country’ by the town’s people. They also demonstrate the great need by the town to commemorate and remember all those who had served during the war and those who were never to return to the town and their form lives.  In the last of this series of articles an index of memorials listing Goole men erected throughout the Country will be outlined.